Skin Cancer Awareness: Protecting Your Skin and Recognising the Signs

21st June 2024 By Phoenix Hospital Group

As a consultant dermatologist specialising in skin cancer and Mohs surgery, I am committed to raising awareness about skin cancer and the crucial steps for prevention and early detection. With summer upon us, it’s essential to understand the importance of sun safety and how to monitor your skin for any signs of cancer.

Sun Safety: Photoprotection Strategies

Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun is a leading cause of skin cancer. Here are key photoprotection strategies to reduce your risk:

  • Use Sunscreen: Apply a broad-spectrum sunscreen with an SPF of 30 or higher every day, even on cloudy days. Reapply every two hours and after swimming or sweating.
  • Wear Protective Clothing: Opt for long-sleeved shirts, wide-brimmed hats, and sunglasses with UV protection. Specialised clothing with UV protection is also available.
  • Seek Shade: Avoid direct sun exposure between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. when UV rays are the strongest. Use umbrellas or trees for shade.
  • Avoid Tanning Beds: Tanning beds emit harmful UV radiation that significantly increases the risk of skin cancer.

Understanding Sunscreen: UVA vs. UVB Protection

I often get asked for sunscreen recommendations, the best sunscreen is simply one that you like the smell and texture of because you are therefore more likely to use it! You should also make sure the sunscreen is affordable, so you do not apply it sparingly.

  • UVA Rays: These rays penetrate deep into the skin and are primarily responsible for premature aging and wrinkling. UVA can also contribute to skin cancer.
  • UVB Rays: These rays are the main cause of sunburn and play a significant role in developing skin cancer.

A broad-spectrum sunscreen protects against both UVA and UVB rays, providing comprehensive protection. The level of UVA protection is indicated by a star rating out of 5, while UVB protection is denoted by an SPF rating, commonly SPF 30 or 50.

Mineral vs. Chemical Sunscreens

  • Mineral Sunscreens: These contain physical blockers like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide that sit on top of the skin and reflect UV rays. They are often recommended for sensitive skin as they are less likely to cause irritation.
  • Chemical Sunscreens: These contain organic compounds such as oxybenzone or avobenzone that absorb UV radiation and convert it into heat, which is then released from the skin. They tend to be more lightweight and easier to apply but may cause irritation in some individuals.

Recognising Skin Cancer: Self-Monitoring and When to Seek Help

Early detection of skin cancer dramatically improves the chances of successful treatment. Regular self-examinations are vital. Follow these steps to monitor your skin effectively:

  • Monthly Self-Examinations: in a well-lit room using a full-length mirror. Don’t forget hard-to-see areas like the scalp, back, ears and even in between your toes! Familiarise yourself with the pattern of moles, freckles, and blemishes on your skin & document changes by using photographs and measurements.
  • Know the ABCDEs of Melanoma:
    • Asymmetry
    • Border: Edges are irregular, ragged, or blurred.
    • Colour: Variation or stands out
    • Diameter
    • Evolving: Look for change
  • Understanding Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer
    • Non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) are the most common types of skin cancer and include basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Consider this when a sore doesn’t heal within a few weeks, is painful or raised.

Stay sun safe and proactive about your skin health to enjoy a healthier future. If you are fair skinned, have a personal +/- family history of skin cancer or you are immunocompromised, please be extra vigilant! For more information or to schedule a dermatology consultation, please contact Phoenix Hospital Group by calling 020 7079 2100 or email [email protected]

 

About Dr Hayley Leeman

Dr Hayley Leeman is a consultant Dermatologist and MOHs Micrographic surgeon based in London. Dr Leeman has expertise in all aspects of general Dermatology but particularly in acne, mole mapping and early detection of skin cancer. To find out more or to book an appointment, click here.